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圭表是中国古老而简单的一种天文仪器,它包括两个组成部分:一为正南正北平放的尺,叫做圭;一为垂直立于圭南端的标杆或石柱,汉以后改为铜制,叫做表。根据正午表影投射在圭面上的影长,可以推定冬至日、夏至日与二十四节气;从表影长短的周期性变化,可以确定一年的天数。表影正北的瞬间(即一天中表影最短的时刻),就是当地的正午时间,古代用来校正漏壶等计时工具。
This is an ancient and simple astronomical instrument in China. It consists of two components: one is the flat scale of the north of Zhengnan and the other is the square; System, called the table. According to the projection of the noonday shadow on the surface of the Gui, it can be presumed that the winter solstice, the summer solstice and the twenty-four solar terms can be inferred. From the periodic changes in the length of the shadow, the number of days in a year can be determined. Table is the moment of the north (that is, the shortest day in the shadow of the moment), is the local noon time, the ancient time used to correct the timekeeper and other tools.