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维生素,是若干彼此无关的维持机体正常代谢和生理功能所必需的某些有机化合物的总称。人体缺乏它,就会产生特异的营养缺乏病。维生素具有以下特点:一是天然食物的微量级组成成分;二是维持机体健康与生长所必需,每日需要量很小,通常以毫克或微克计算;三是膳食中缺乏维生素或吸收不良时,可产生特异营养缺乏病;四是机体不能合成或合成数量不能满足生理需要,必须由食物供给。据研究,人体必需的维生素有14种,缺一不可。现分述如下: 维生素A 鱼肝油、动物肝脏、金枪鱼、蛋黄、干酪、淡水鱼等都含有大量维生素A。如果人体缺乏它,就易患干眼病、夜盲症、粘膜角化。维生素A可促进细胞分化,有利于人体生长发育,促进上皮细胞更新,提高免疫力,保护视力。
Vitamins are a group of several organic compounds that are unrelated to each other and are essential for the normal metabolism and physiology of the body. The lack of it, it will produce specific nutritional deficiencies. Vitamin has the following characteristics: First, natural trace elements of food composition; the second is to maintain the health and growth of the body necessary daily small amount, usually milligrams or micrograms; Third, the lack of dietary vitamin or malabsorption, Can produce specific nutritional deficiencies; Fourth, the body can not synthesize or synthesis of the number can not meet the physiological needs, must be supplied by food. According to research, there are 14 kinds of essential vitamins, indispensable. Are described as follows: vitamin A cod liver oil, animal liver, tuna, egg yolk, cheese, freshwater fish and so contain a lot of vitamin A. If the body lacks it, it is prone to dry eye, night blindness and mucosal keratosis. Vitamin A can promote cell differentiation, is conducive to human growth and development, promote epithelial cell renewal, improve immunity, protect eyesight.