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长期以来语文教学方向不定,有时热衷于把语文课教成纯文学课,有时却把语文课教成似政治课;十年动乱期间,几乎把语文课取消了,搞什么“政文合一”;这几年受着高考的指挥捧转,又把语文课教得太死了,太知识化了、工具化了,忽视了思想教育。 我认为语文教学必须坚持文道统一,这是语文这门学科区别于其它学科的重要特点。从一篇文章来说,构成一篇文章,有了道才有文;“文以载道”就是这个意思。清朝学者戴震曾提出把“义理、考据和辞章”这三者结合起来的说法。而在“义理、考据和辞章”这三者中,义理应当是灵魂,是统帅,因为形式是为内容服务的,而材料是要由观点来统率的。从语文教学的目的来说,也必
For a long time, Chinese teaching has been in a different direction. Sometimes it is keen on teaching Chinese as a pure literature course, but sometimes it turns a teaching of Chinese into a political lesson. During the ten years of turmoil, it almost canceled the Chinese class and made “political and cultural unity.” In recent years, subject to the command of the college entrance examination held in turn, but also to teach Chinese language too dead, too knowledgeable, instrumental, ignoring the ideological education. I think Chinese teaching must adhere to the unity of literature and culture, which is an important feature that distinguishes the Chinese subject from other disciplines. From an article, the formation of an article, the Tao has a text; “text to load” is the meaning. Dai Zhen, a scholar of the Qing Dynasty, put forward the idea of combining “justice, test and rhetoric”. In the “justice, textual research and the speech” of these three, justice should be the soul, commander in chief, because the form is to serve the content, and the material is from the point of view of the rate. For the purpose of language teaching, it is also necessary