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美国加州是以农业生产为主,且人口最多的一个州,加州的自然水量总的来说足以满足整个加州工农业生产和居民生活用水需要,但问题在于自然水量分布极其不均,产水量的75%在北部地区,而用水量的80%在缺水的南部地区。为解决缺水地区用水问题,加州政府和加州水资源局建造了大量集水库蓄水、输水、发电厂、抽水站为一体的水利工程系统。这些工程最主要功能是供水。即在丰水期蓄水,枯水期供水。并兼有防洪、发电、娱乐、鱼类和野生生物保护等功能。1994年4月,上海市水资源工作考察团应美国加州水资源局邀请,对加州水资源工作进行了考察。考察期间美国加州水资源局提供的资料,包括水资源状况、水利工程、农业生产用水等方面内容,较为详尽全面。现将其中部分资料摘译如下,仅供参考,需要者可向水利
California is a state mainly agricultural production and the most populous state, California’s natural water is generally sufficient to meet the entire industrial and agricultural production and residential water needs of California, but the problem is that the distribution of natural water is extremely uneven, water production 75% are in the north and 80% are in the water-scarce southern area. In order to solve the problem of water shortage in water-scarce areas, the California government and the California Bureau of Water Resources built a large number of water conservancy engineering systems integrating the reservoir water storage, water delivery, power plants and pumping stations. The most important function of these projects is water supply. That is, water storage period, dry season water supply. And flood control, power generation, entertainment, fish and wildlife protection and other functions. In April 1994, the Shanghai Municipal Water Resources Investigation Delegation was invited by the California State Bureau of Water Resources to conduct an investigation of California’s water resources. The information provided by the California Bureau of Water Resources during the inspection period, including the status of water resources, water conservancy projects and water for agricultural production, is more comprehensive and comprehensive. Now part of the information extracted as follows, for reference purposes only, those who need to water