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建国以来,特别是改革开放20年来,随着社会、经济的发展和医学科技的进步,人民生活水平明显提高。同时,也给医疗卫生事业带来了新的课题。一是心脑血管疾病和恶性肿瘤等慢性非传染性疾病已占据疾病谱和死因谱的重要位置;二是人口老龄化问题日益突出。这些变化拉动社会对医疗、保健、康复需求的变化,直接反映在医疗服务方面,导致医疗费用的逐年递增。如我国政府预算内公费医疗支出从1978年到1990年增加了8.73倍,同期,个人卫生费用的支出也增加了9.82倍。
Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, especially during the 20 years of reform and opening up, with the social and economic development and the advancement of medical science and technology, people’s living standards have improved significantly. At the same time, it also brought new issues to the medical and health industry. First, chronic non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and malignant tumors have occupied an important position in the spectrum of diseases and the cause of death. Second, the problem of aging population has become increasingly prominent. These changes have spurred changes in society’s demand for medical care, health care, and rehabilitation, which are directly reflected in medical services, and have led to an increase in medical expenses year by year. For example, public expenditure on public health in our government budget increased by 8.73 times from 1978 to 1990. In the same period, expenditure on personal health expenditure also increased by 9.82 times.