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对某厂蒸发器进行全面检验发现大量管程底部泄漏,为探明原因,对该蒸发器进行了化学分析、硬度检查、金相分析、能谱分析、×射线衍射分析、水质检验等多种分析手段。综合上述测试分析结果得出:该蒸发器由管程底部Nacl溶液点蚀导致穿孔,致使壳程中的NH_3.H_2O进入管程,与富集于管程底部的Cl~-结合形成NH_4Cl结晶析出,使被覆盖的管道表面成酸性加速管程底部腐蚀,最终形成垢下腐蚀泄漏。
A full inspection of a plant evaporator found a large number of pipe leakage at the bottom, in order to find out the reasons for the evaporator chemical analysis, hardness inspection, metallographic analysis, energy spectrum analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, water quality testing and other Analysis means. The results of the above test and analysis show that: the evaporator is punctured by pitting corrosion of Nacl solution at the bottom of the pipe, causing the NH_3.H_2O in the shell to enter the pipe and crystallizing out with Cl_- enriched in the bottom of the pipe to form NH_4Cl , So that the covered pipe surface acidity accelerates the bottom of the tube corrosion, the final formation of scale corrosion leaks.