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A.罗森伯格对经济学在认知地位上的两重性或两难困境有深刻的认识。一方面,经济学很像标准的科学理论,同时经济学定律本应有资格成为科学定律。罗森伯格认为,基于统一科学理想,并追寻自然过程的自动平衡的机理,在典型科学理论(牛顿力学与达尔文自然选择学说)和在经济学中同样取得极大成功。然而另一方面,经济学在预测力上却远为逊色。为了破解这一两难,罗森伯格把预测失败的症结归咎为人类行为所特有的“意向性”。换句话说,经济学毕竟与自然科学不同,它与其他社会科学拥有对信念-行动-欲望的意向性解释框架的承诺。
A. Rosenberg has a deep understanding of the duality or dilemma of economics in cognitive status. On the one hand, economics resembles standard scientific theories, and at the same time, the laws of economics should have qualified to be scientific laws. Rosenberg argues that the mechanism of self-balancing based on the unification of scientific ideals and the search for natural processes is equally successful in classical scientific theory (Newtonian mechanics and Darwinian natural selection theory) and in economics. On the other hand, however, economics is far less predictive. In order to solve this dilemma, Rosenberg blamed the crux of predicting failure as “intentionality” peculiar to human behavior. In other words, economics, after all, differs from the natural sciences in that it and other social sciences have a commitment to an intentional interpretation of belief-action-desire.