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天麻是中药材中常用的中药,需求量较大,目前主要靠人工栽培来供应市场。人工栽培天麻首先要培养大量的蜜环菌,而常规培养菌棒需要3～5个月。为了加速天麻生产,我所采用桑枝、苹果枝、法国梧桐枝来培养菌棒,一般只需1个月。因为这些树枝幼嫩,营养丰富,蜜环菌易定植,长得快,能控制杂菌污染。这些柱条不但可用来培养菌材和做菌床,栽天麻时还可在蜜环菌长得差的地方补充菌种,并在菌材没有培养之前种天麻。现将该技术介绍如下: (一)树枝的处理 凡阔叶树枝,或伐棒材时截下的枝条,都可以刚来培养菌枝。烟台地区冬季剪下的苹果枝、梨枝、桃树枝等都是很好的菌枝培养料。树枝在培养前,最好先用0.25％的硝酸铵溶液浸泡(50kg水中加入硝酸铵125g,配制时先用少量热水将硝酸铵化开后再加足水)3～5分钟。如果没有硝酸铵,也可用白糖500g、硫酸镁150g、磷酸二氢钾250g、过磷酸钙1kg溶于50kg水中,将树枝浸泡8～12小时后捞出。 (二)培养时间 一年四季部可培养,但以3～8月为好,此时气温较高、湿度大,蜜环菌索生长快,北方地区在4月中下旬至6月初培养为好。如急需时,冬季可
Gastrodia is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine, the demand for larger, mainly by artificial cultivation to supply the market. Artificial cultivation of Gastrodia must first cultivate a large number of Armillaria, and conventional culture rods need 3 to 5 months. In order to speed up the production of gastrodia, I used mulberry, apple branch, sycamore sticks to cultivate sticks, usually only 1 month. Because these branches tender, nutritious, Armillaria easy to colonize, grow faster, can control bacterial contamination. These columns not only can be used to cultivate bacteria and do bed, when planting gastrodia can be added when the poor growth of Armillaria bacteria species, and did not cultivate gastrodia before cultivation of Gastrodia. The technology is introduced as follows: (A) the treatment of branches Where the broad-leaved branches, or cut when cut branches of sticks, can just come to cultivate branches. Yantai winter cut in the apple branches, pear branches, peach branches are good branches culture material. Branches before cultivation, it is best to use 0.25% ammonium nitrate solution soaked (50kg water was added ammonium nitrate 125g, the first preparation with a small amount of hot water to nitrification and then add sufficient water) for 3 to 5 minutes. If there is no ammonium nitrate, sugar can also be used 500g, 150g of magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 250g, superphosphate 1kg dissolved in 50kg of water, the branches soak 8 to 12 hours after the fish out. (B) training time Four seasons can be cultivated throughout the year, but in March to August as well, when the temperature is high, humidity, Armillaris grow fast, the northern region in late April to early June culture as well . In case of urgent need, winter can be