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随着国债依存度渐趋回升,财政收入依存度逐步上升,财政支出弹性日渐降低,中国开始面临公共财政可持续的问题。从公共经济学角度,综合评价了中国公共财政的可持续程度,深入阐述了公共财政可持续的经济机理,并提出实现公共财政可持续的政策建议。分析结果显示,中国公共财政已经出现可持续的问题,并受到财政赤字、国债利息和经济增长三个重要经济变量的影响。为确保中国公共财政的可持续性,必须推动宏观经济发展,加快公共财政改革和加强公共债务管理,才能提升中国公共财政的稳健性。
With the gradual recovery of the dependence on government bonds, the dependence on fiscal revenue gradually increased and the fiscal expenditure elasticity gradually decreased. China began to face the problem of public finance sustainability. From the perspective of public economics, this paper evaluates the sustainability of public finance in China, elaborates on the sustainable economic mechanism of public finance, and puts forward the policy proposals to achieve the sustainable development of public finance. The result of the analysis shows that the public finance in China has emerged the problem of sustainability and is affected by three important economic variables: fiscal deficit, interest on national debt and economic growth. In order to ensure the sustainability of public finance in China, we must promote macroeconomic development, accelerate public finance reform and strengthen public debt management in order to enhance the robustness of public finances in China.