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目的探讨2009-2013年云南省流感的流行特征,为制定流感防制策略提供科学依据。方法应用EXCEL软件整理数据,GEODA软件及EXCEL软件对数据进行描述性分析,对2009-2013年云南省流感哨点医院监测的流感样病例(illness like influenza,ILI)监测资料、病毒分离鉴定结果、暴发疫情信息进行分析。结果 2009-2013年云南省监测到的流感样病例呈上升趋势,到2013年出现高峰。秋冬季为流感病例高发期。近五年内,保山、怒江和红河的ILI%相对较高。2009-2013年,全省各哨点医院共采集流感样病例标本49 139份,分离出流感毒株1 648株,毒株分离率为3.35%,其中优势株为B型Victoria系(527株,31.98%),其次为甲型H1N1亚型(429株,26.03%)、B型Yamagata系(352株,21.36%)、A型季节性H3N2亚型(295株,17.90%)和A型季节性H1N1亚型(45株,3.07%)。结论学龄儿童、青少年及年轻人是流感高发人群,加强学校流感监测和报告是有效控制疫情的关键。
Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Yunnan Province from 2009 to 2013 and provide a scientific basis for the development of influenza prevention and control strategy. Methods The data were analyzed by EXCEL software, GEODA software and EXCEL software. The monitoring data of illness-like influenza (ILI) monitored by the sentinel hospital of Yunnan Province from 2009 to 2013, the results of virus isolation and identification, Outbreak information for analysis. Results The number of influenza-like cases monitored in Yunnan Province during 2009-2013 showed an upward trend and peaked in 2013. Autumn and winter influenza cases of high incidence. In the past five years, the ILI% of Baoshan, Nujiang and Honghe are relatively high. From 2009 to 2013, 49 139 samples of influenza-like illness were collected from all sentinel hospitals in the province, and 1 648 influenza strains were isolated. The isolation rate of the strains was 3.35%. The predominant strains were type B Victoria strains (527 strains, 31.98%), followed by type A H1N1 subtype (429 strains, 26.03%), type B Yamagata line (352 strains, 21.36%), type A seasonal H3N2 subtype (295 strains, 17.90% H1N1 subtype (45 strains, 3.07%). Conclusions School-age children, adolescents and young people are highly-flu-infected people. Strengthening the monitoring and reporting of school flu is the key to effectively controlling the epidemic.