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[目的]运用因子分析方法探讨孕期负性生活事件与子代先天性心脏病(CHD)的关系,为指导孕期心理保健提供科学依据。[方法]设计频数匹配的病例对照研究,用一般情况调查表和生活事件量表(LES),通过面访的方式分别对50例CHD儿童的母亲和100例无CHD儿童的母亲进行问卷调查,并对资料进行因子分析。[结果]病例组母亲孕期负性生活事件刺激总量与家庭方面负性刺激量均大于对照组(P﹤0.05);对家庭方面的生活事件进行因子分析,结果提取了7个主要因子:(1)家庭经济困难和住房紧张;(2)恋爱失败、破裂;(3)与爱人父母不和;(4)计划外怀孕;(5)夫妻感情不好;(6)家庭成员重伤、重病及死亡;(7)在乎胎儿性别。[结论]家庭方面是影响母亲孕期心理状况的主要负性生活事件来源,其中家庭经济困难和住房紧张、夫妻感情不好等是产生孕期负性刺激的主要因子。
[Objective] To explore the relationship between negative life events in pregnancy and children with congenital heart disease (CHD) by means of factor analysis and provide scientific basis for guiding mental health care during pregnancy. [Methods] A frequency-matched case-control study was designed. Questionnaires were conducted on 50 CHD children’s mothers and 100 CHD children’s mothers through face-to-face interviews with the General Survey and Life Events Scale (LES) And factor analysis of the data. [Results] The total amount of negative life events and negative negative stimuli of pregnant women during pregnancy were higher than those of the control group (P <0.05). Factor analysis of family life events resulted in seven main factors: ( 1) Family financial difficulties and housing constraints; 2) Failure and breakdown of love; 3) Displeasure with lover’s parents; 4) Unplanned pregnancy; 5) Unfavorable feelings of husband and wife; 6) Death; (7) care about fetal sex. [Conclusion] The family is the main source of negative life events that affect the pregnant mothers’ psychological status. Among them, the family economic difficulties, housing shortage and poor husband and wife feelings are the main factors that cause the negative stimulation during pregnancy.