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A.跨世纪的第一次工业革命18世纪30年代到19世纪30至40年代,英国发生了一场从工厂手工业转变为机器大工业的技术革命。这场革命是由纺织机械、蒸汽机等新技术的发明引起的。英国资产阶级革命后,圈地运动以合法形式更加猛烈地展开,自耕农被完全消灭了,大批失地农民涌入城市,成为工业革命所必需的廉价劳动力。统治者大规模的殖民掠夺、贩卖奴隶和海外贸易。积累了大量资金,也为工业革命准备了条件。
A. First Industrial Revolution Across the Eighteenth Century From the 1830s to the 1830s to the 1830s, there was a technological revolution in the United Kingdom that shifted from a factory handicraft industry to a machine large industry. This revolution was caused by the invention of new technologies such as textile machinery and steam engines. After the bourgeois revolution in England, the enclosure movement was more violently carried out in a legal form. The self-cultivating peasants were totally eliminated and a large number of landless peasants poured into the cities and became the cheap laborers necessary for the industrial revolution. Large-scale colonial plunder of rulers, slave trade and overseas trade. Accumulated a lot of money, but also prepared for the industrial revolution conditions.