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沃尔巴克氏体(Wolbachia)是一类广泛存在于节肢动物和线虫体内的革兰氏阴性共生菌,能够通过细胞质不亲和、雄性雌性化、杀雄、孤雌生殖和增强雄性或雌性的生殖力等多种机制调控宿主的生殖行为。近年来的研究还发现Wolbachia在蚊虫及蚊媒病防治、抗病毒和物种进化等方面具有重要作用。本文综述了国内外有关蚊虫体内共生菌Wolbachia的分布、感染情况、检测方法、体外培养及转染等方面的研究进展,并对Wolbachia在蚊虫及蚊媒病防治领域的应用进行阐述。
Wolbachia is a family of Gram-negative commensal bacteria that are widespread in arthropods and nematodes and are capable of killing male and female by cytoplasmic incompatibility, male feminization, male killing, parthenogenesis, and male Fertility and other mechanisms regulate host reproductive behavior. In recent years, the research also found that Wolbachia plays an important role in mosquito and mosquito-borne disease prevention, antivirus and species evolution. This review summarizes the research progress of the distribution, infection, detection methods, in vitro culture and transfection of the commensal bacteria Wolbachia at home and abroad. The application of Wolbachia in the field of mosquito control and mosquito-borne disease prevention is also reviewed.