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本文对比分析了WIOD,GTAP和OECD在构建国家间投入产出数据库方面的异同。首先,利用国际标准统一三个数据库的产业分类,并检查不同数据库中,以支出法核算的各国GDP中贸易数据与IMF国际收支账户贸易数据的一致性。其次,比较三个数据库中总产出,直接增加值,国内和进口的中间投入及最终需求等主要经济变量之间的差异,并分析造成这种差异的原因。最后,提出改进国家间投入产出数据库的建议。
This article compares and analyzes the similarities and differences between WIOD, GTAP and OECD in building an input-output database across countries. First, we use the international standards to unify the industrial classification of the three databases and check the consistency of the trade data of each country’s GDP with the IMF’s international balance of payments accounts in the different databases. Second, the differences between the three major economic variables such as total output, direct value added, intermediate inputs and final demand, both domestic and imported, are compared and the reasons for this discrepancy are analyzed. Finally, a proposal is put forward to improve the database of inter-country inputs and outputs.