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目的:评价疟疾不同流行时期防控措施的有效性。方法:搜集1960-2013年沧县疟疾疫情数据,采用流行病学描述性研究的方法,分析不同流行时期防控措施实施前后本地疟疾发病率的变化。结果:1960-1974年疟疾在沧县为广泛流行阶段,采取以病例的发现与报告、免费治疗为主要控制措施,发病率由289/10万下降至14.59/10万;1975-1983年在疟疾疫情得到有效控制的情况下,采取了规范治疗、治理环境、消除孳生地等综合措施,疫情得到了完全遏制,发病率逐年下降;1984-2013年始终维持疟疾无本地感染病例。结论:1960-2013年沧县通过采取免费供药、规范治疗、环境治理、系统监测等综合防治措施,实现了本地疟疾发病率为零的目标,进入了疟疾消除阶段。
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control measures in different epidemic periods of malaria. Methods: The malaria epidemic data of Cangxian County from 1960 to 2013 were collected, and the epidemiological descriptive study was used to analyze the changes of local malaria incidences before and after the implementation of prevention and control measures in different epidemic periods. Results: In 1960-1974, malaria was the most popular stage in Cangxian County. Taking the detection and report of cases as the main control measures, the incidence of malaria dropped from 289/10 million to 14.59 / 10 million. From 1975 to 1983, malaria Under the effective control of the outbreak, comprehensive measures were adopted to standardize treatment, control the environment and eliminate breeding sites. The outbreak was completely contained and the incidence dropped year by year. From 1984 to 2013, there was no case of local malaria infection. Conclusion: From 1960 to 2013, Cangxian achieved its goal of zero malaria incidence in the country by entering into comprehensive prevention and treatment measures such as free drug delivery, standardized treatment, environmental management and system monitoring, and entered the phase of malaria elimination.