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笔者在《民族音乐研究中的几个逻辑问题》中(本刊90年第3期)谈了形式逻辑中有关概念范畴的几个问题。然而在研究工作中,仅有正确的概念是不够的,还应用已形成的概念,作出正确的判断,并在此基础上加以推理和论证。在这些方面,以往的研究同样存在一些问题。因此,现就民族音乐研究中有关判断、推理和论证方面的问题,提出一些意见。判断判断就是对事物情况的断定,是一种思想认识,而客观事物是认识的对象,因此判断有真假之分。如果一个判断符合客观情况,那它便是真的;否则便是假的。概念和判断既有联系又有区别,概念是判断的因素,判断是概念的发展,但是概念不包含断定这一
In “Several Logical Problems in the Study of National Music” (No. 3, 1990), the author talks about some issues about the concept category in formal logic. However, in the research work, only the correct concept is not enough, but also the concept has been formed to make the right judgments, and on the basis of reasoning and argumentation. In these respects, there are some problems in previous research. Therefore, we present some opinions on the issues of judgment, reasoning and argumentation in the study of folk music. Judgment Judgment is the determination of the situation of things, is a kind of ideological understanding, and objective things are the object of cognition, so to judge the true and false points. If a judgment is in line with the objective situation, then it is true; otherwise, it is false. Concepts and judgments both connected and different, the concept is the judge, the judge is the development of the concept, but the concept does not include the assertion of this