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目的：了解血吸虫疫区常见消化系恶性肿瘤的发病情况，包括发病率、死亡率、生存率。方法：采用实地回顾性抽样调查的方法对鄱阳湖血吸虫疫区65 680人进行调查统计，分析1988～1996年间5种常见消化系恶性肿瘤的发病率、死亡率及生存率。结果：5种常见恶性肿瘤发病率与死亡率基本呈平行关系，从高到低依次为肝癌（45.85/10万和43.31/10万）、胃癌（28.25/10万和24.53/10万）、食管癌（15.56/10万和13.20/10万）、胰腺癌（5.24/10万和4.40/10万）和结肠癌（2.54/10万和1.52/10万）。其中肝癌的发病率与死亡率最高，且明显高于上海地区或全国平均水平（P＜0.005）。各种恶性肿瘤的男性发病率和死亡率明显高于女性。除结肠癌外，其他4种癌肿大多数生存期短于1年，生存5年以上者极少；平均一年生存率为32.19%，平均两年生存率为15.18%。结论：血吸虫疫区肝癌的发病率和死亡率高于全国水平。
Objective: To understand the incidence of common digestive malignancies in schistosomiasis endemic areas, including morbidity, mortality and survival rate. Methods: A retrospective sample survey was conducted to investigate the prevalence, mortality and survival rate of 65 680 people in the endemic areas of Poyang Lake from 1988 to 1996. Results: The incidence rates of five common malignancies were basically parallel to the mortality rates. The highest rates were liver cancer (45.85 / 100,000 and 43.31 / 100,000), gastric cancer (28.25 / 100,000 and 24.53 / 100,000), esophagus Cancer (15.56 / 100,000 and 13.20 / 100,000), pancreatic cancer (5.24 / 100,000 and 4.40 / 100,000), and colon cancer (2.54 / 100,000 and 1.52 / 100,000) respectively. Incidence of liver cancer and the highest mortality rate, and significantly higher than the Shanghai area or the national average ( P <0.005). Male morbidity and mortality in various malignancies are significantly higher than in women. In addition to colon cancer, the other four kinds of cancer most of the survival of less than 1 year, survival of more than 5 years were minimal; the average annual survival rate was 32.19%, the average two-year survival rate was 15.18%. Conclusion: The incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma in schistosomiasis endemic areas are higher than the national average.