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目的探讨北京西城区中小学生2010—2011年超重和肥胖流行状况及相关危险因素。方法应用多层整群随机抽样方法对西城区2 261名11~18岁中小学生进行问卷调查和现场体检,对相关因素进行logistic多元回归分析。结果学生肥胖发生率为7.6%,其中女生为8.2%,男生为6.9%;肥胖学生中每天运动<60 min者占74.9%,明显高于体重正常组的38.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);有肥胖家族史的青少年肥胖发生率为53.8%;logistic多元回归分析显示,女性、使用电脑时间长、不规律体育运动和肥胖家族史是超重和肥胖的危险因素。结论西城区中小学生超重和肥胖与多种原因相关,除不良生活方式外,家族遗传也是常见的危险因素。
Objective To investigate prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Xicheng District of Beijing from 2010 to 2011 and related risk factors. Methods A total of 2 261 primary and secondary school students aged 11-18 years in Xicheng District were investigated by questionnaires and on-the-spot physical examination using multi-stratified cluster random sampling method. The related factors were analyzed by logistic multiple regression analysis. Results The incidence of obesity in students was 7.6%, of whom 8.2% were for girls and 6.9% for boys. The percentage of obese students who exercised for <60 minutes per day was 74.9%, significantly higher than that of normal weight group (38.7%) (P <0.001). The prevalence of obesity was 53.8% among obese family members with obesity family history. Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that women with long-term use of computers, irregular physical exercise and obesity family history were risk factors for overweight and obesity. Conclusion The prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Xicheng District is related to various causes. In addition to unhealthy lifestyles, familial inheritance is also a common risk factor.