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连续2年用不完全双列杂交配制的T型杂交小麦及相应的亲本,比较了盐碱地和正常地条件下子粒产量和品质性状的杂交优势,进而对不同土壤环境中杂种优势表现差异的原因进行了形态分析。结果表明,盐碱地单株粒重的杂种优势明显高于正常地,子粒品质性状的杂种优势低于单株粒重,但杂种优势的表现为盐碱地比正常地略好。植株营养体性状普遍存在较强的杂种优势,且杂种优势在正常土壤环境中高于盐碱地,收获指数的杂种优势在盐碱地表现为正值,在正常土壤条件下却为负值,表明盐碱地杂种后期更能有效地将有机物转移到子粒中去,营养生长和生殖生长的关系更为协调。在盐碱地,植株主要营养体性状与单株粒重存在显著或极显著的正相关,杂种发达的营养体对子粒产量起很大的作用,而在正常土壤条件下营养体与子粒产量不存在这种关系。
The T-type hybrid wheat and its corresponding parents, which were made by incomplete diallel cross for two consecutive years, compared the heterosis of grain yield and quality trait in saline-alkali soil and normal soil condition, and then analyzed the reasons for the difference of heterosis in different soil environments Morphological analysis. The results showed that the heterosis of grain weight per plant in saline - alkali soil was obviously higher than that in normal soil. The heterosis of grain quality traits was lower than the grain weight per plant, but the performance of heterosis was slightly better than that in normal soil. Plant nutrient body traits generally have strong heterosis, and the heterosis is higher than saline-alkali soil in normal soil environment. The heterosis of harvest index shows positive value in saline-alkali soil and negative in normal soil condition, Organic matter can be effectively transferred to the grain, the relationship between vegetative and reproductive growth more coordinated. In saline-alkali soil, the main vegetative traits of plants had a significant or extremely significant positive correlation with the grain weight per plant. The hybrids with developed heterogamy had a great effect on the yield of grain, while the yield of vegetative and grain did not exist under normal soil conditions Kind of relationship.