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针对高扬程输水系统空气罐阻抗孔的尺寸影响水锤防护效果的问题,基于瞬变流理论,建立空气罐数学模型,分析了水泵抽水断电情况下阻抗孔尺寸对管道系统的最大、最小压力、空气罐内涌浪及气室压力等因素的影响,提出合理的阻抗孔尺寸选取条件,并结合工程实例进行了验证。结果表明,过小的阻抗孔口会导致泵站抽水断电时空气罐补水能力不足,产生水击穿室;过大的阻抗孔口,则会导致空气罐内涌浪幅度过大,发生漏空或过低的气室压力,均无法满足供水管道水锤防护要求,可见空气罐阻抗孔最佳尺寸应结合工程管道布置与水锤防护要求共同拟定。
According to the theory of transient flow, the mathematical model of air tank is set up to analyze the influence of the size of the impedance hole on the maximum and minimum of the pipe system under the condition of pump power-off. Pressure, the surge in the air tank and the pressure in the air chamber, the reasonable selection of the impedance hole size is put forward and verified with the engineering examples. The results show that too small impedance orifice will result in the lack of water supply capacity of the air tank when the pumping station is powered off, resulting in a water breakdown chamber. Too large impedance orifice will lead to excessive amplitude of surge in the air tank and leakage Air pressure is too low or too low, are unable to meet the water supply pipe water hammer protection requirements, we can see the best size of the air tank impedance hole should be combined with the project pipeline layout and water hammer protection requirements jointly developed.