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现代认知心理学认为,人们解决问题一般有两种搜索策略,即算法式和启发式。算法式即指按照解决问题的各种可能性逐个去尝试,最终找到答案的方式。这种不依赖已有知识,通过尝试错误找到答案的方式是解决问题的弱方法。启发式,即指人们根据规律或根据已有的知识、经验和窍门解决问题的方式。该种方式只是进行选择性的搜索。虽然冒着不能解决问题的风险,但可把尝试的次数减到最小,而迅速、经济地解决问题。一、研究解决问题的必要性
Modern cognitive psychology that people solve the problem generally have two search strategies, namely, algorithms and heuristics. Algorithm refers to the way in accordance with the various possibilities to solve the problem one by one to try and finally find the answer to the way. This way of relying on existing knowledge and finding answers by trying out mistakes is a weak solution to the problem. Heuristic refers to the way people solve problems based on the law or based on existing knowledge, experience and know-how. This method is only for selective search. While risking an inability to solve the problem, the number of attempts can be minimized to solve the problem quickly and economically. First, study the necessity of solving the problem