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目的通过现场流行病学调查,查明可能的危险因素,为更好控制疫情提供参考依据。方法采用统一的调查表对病例进行核实调查,运用成组病例对照的方法探讨本次暴发的危险因素。结果病例对照结果显示,饮用该村毛坡组1号水生水是本次暴发的危险因素(χ2=7.98,P﹤0.01,OR=6);本起疫情,显性感染率为10.59%,隐性感染率12.29%,开展丙种球蛋白应急接种率为98.35%。结论水源污染可能是本次甲型肝炎暴发的危险因素,开展丙种球蛋白应急接种,有效控制甲型肝炎暴发疫情,效果显著。
Objective To identify possible risk factors through on-site epidemiological investigation and provide reference for better control of epidemic situation. Methods A unified questionnaire was used to verify the cases and the risk factors of this outbreak were explored by means of a group case-control study. Results The case-control study showed that drinking the village watermelon hydrocephalus No. 1 was the risk factor for this outbreak (χ2 = 7.98, P <0.01, OR = 6) The rate of sexual infection was 12.29%. The emergency vaccination rate of gamma globulin was 98.35%. Conclusions Water pollution may be the risk factor for the outbreak of hepatitis A. Emergency vaccination of gamma globulin is effective to control the outbreak of hepatitis A and the effect is remarkable.