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在大豆杂交育种过程中,亲本选配直接关系到杂种后代能否出现理想的变异类型和选出好的品种,是杂交育种成败的一个关键环节。在这方面,人们从长期育种过程中积累了不少经验。实践证明,杂交亲本性状的优劣和遗传差异大小,在很大程度上决定组合表现和分离类型。但是,与育种目标相联系的主要性状大多属数量性状,这些性状由微效多基因控制,受环境影响也较大,仅根据表现型进行选配,很难达到满意的结果。怎样正确地评价亲本、合理配制组合,始终是育种工作者关心的问题。
In the process of soybean cross breeding, the parental matching is directly related to whether the ideal offspring variety and the selected varieties are good, which is a key link in the success of hybrid breeding. In this regard, people have accumulated a lot of experience from the long-term breeding process. Practice has proved that the pros and cons of hybrid parent traits and genetic differences in size, to a large extent determine the type of combination of performance and separation. However, most of the main traits associated with breeding objectives are quantitative traits, which are controlled by the micro-multi-gene and are also greatly affected by the environment. It is difficult to achieve satisfactory results only based on phenotypes. How to properly evaluate parents and rationally formulate combinations has always been a concern for breeding workers.