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黄嘌呤氧化酶(XO)使次黄嘌呤氧化成黄嘌呤,最终变成尿酸。尿酸的积蓄导至血中尿酸过多,引起痛风。因此XO的有效抑制剂予期将用于痛风的治疗。在通过粗筛从生药和植物药中寻找XO抑制剂时,发现瑞香科芜花(Daphne genkwa)的花和芽对这种酶具有强的抑制作用。芫花的花和芽曾作为泻剂、水泻剂和祛痰剂被应用。迄今已分离出的成份有:芫花素、芹菜素、谷甾醇、苯甲酸和芫花瑞香宁(gekwadaphnin)。文中介绍了分离XO抑制剂的过程。1 kg芫花的花和芽,依次用苯、氯仿、丙酮、甲醇和水在回流下各提取三次,所得提取物的收率分别为27.5,7.3,27.0,126.0,0克;在1 ml反应液中各含10μg的这些提取物,用改良的Kalckar法以分光光度计在290mm
Xanthine oxidase (XO) oxidizes hypoxanthine to xanthine and eventually to uric acid. Accumulation of uric acid leads to excessive uric acid in the blood, causing gout. Therefore, the effective inhibitor of XO is expected to be used for the treatment of gout. When looking for XO inhibitors from crude drugs and botanical drugs through coarse screening, it was found that the flowers and buds of Daphne genkwa have a strong inhibitory effect on this enzyme. The flowers and buds of silk flowers have been used as laxatives, laxatives and tinctures. The ingredients that have been isolated so far are geranium, apigenin, sitosterol, benzoic acid and gekwadaphnin. This article describes the process of isolating XO inhibitors. The flowers and buds of 1 kg of flower buds were extracted with benzene, chloroform, acetone, methanol and water three times under reflux, and the yields of the obtained extracts were 27.5, 7.3, 27.0, 126.0 and 0 g, respectively; 10 μg of each of these extracts were used in the liquid, using a modified Kalckar method with a spectrophotometer at 290 mm