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目的探讨湛江地区先天性心脏病筛查结果及相关危险因素。方法选取湛江地区2012年2月-2015年2月出生的116例CHD新生儿相关临床资料进行总结分析,探讨发病的相关危险因素。结果 2012年2月-2015年2月被筛查的21 456例新生儿中检查出先天性心脏病116例,发病率为0.54%(116/21 456);在所有先天性心脏病患儿中房间隔缺损所占比例最高,达31.03%,其次是动脉导管未闭,占26.72%,再其次是室间隔缺损,占20.69%。经单因素分析显示,母亲年龄、父亲年龄、孕周、产检次数、TORCH感染、负性生活事件、烟草暴露、产妇营养不良等因素均是先天性心脏病发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。将上述单因素分析有统计学意义的因素纳入多因素Logistic回归分析发现,多胞胎、父亲年龄≥50岁、产检次数<9次、负性生活事件、烟草暴露等因素是先天性心脏病发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论提高育龄期及妊娠妇女自我保护意识,严格戒烟和拒绝被动吸烟,加强孕期保健,避免接触各种危险因素,定期来院进行产检,尽早诊断先天性缺陷以终止妊娠,提高产前、产后诊断水平,达到提高出生人口质量的目的。
Objective To explore the screening results and related risk factors of congenital heart disease in Zhanjiang area. Methods The clinical data of 116 CHD newborns born in Zhanjiang from February 2012 to February 2015 were collected and analyzed to explore the related risk factors. Results A total of 116 congenital heart disease cases were detected in 21 456 newborns screened from February 2012 to February 2015, with a prevalence of 0.54% (116/21 456). Among all the children with congenital heart disease Atrial septal defect accounted for the highest proportion of 31.03%, followed by patent ductus arteriosus, accounting for 26.72%, followed by ventricular septal defect, accounting for 20.69%. Univariate analysis showed that maternal age, father’s age, gestational age, number of births, TORCH infection, negative life events, tobacco exposure and maternal malnutrition were risk factors for congenital heart disease (P <0.05). According to multivariate Logistic regression analysis, we found that the factors of multiple factors, such as multiple births, father’s age≥50years, number of births <9 times, negative life events and tobacco exposure, were the causes of congenital heart disease Independent risk factors (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: To raise the awareness of self-protection women of childbearing age and pregnancy, to strictly quit smoking and refuse passive smoking, to strengthen the health care during pregnancy, to avoid exposure to various risk factors, to regularly check the hospital for production, to diagnose congenital defects as soon as possible to terminate the pregnancy and to improve the prenatal and postpartum diagnosis , To achieve the purpose of improving the quality of the birth population.