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目的分析上海市黄浦区1990—2013年艾滋病、淋病、梅毒疫情的流行特征,评价防治工作的成效。方法运用生态学研究方法对历年性传播疾病流行特征和趋势进行分析。结果 1990—2013年,淋病发病呈现先升高再降低的趋势,而梅毒自1994年起逐年上升,隐性梅毒在各期中发病率最高,艾滋病自2006年起每年都有发病。3种性传播疾病发病较集中在25~39岁的青壮年男性。艾滋病和梅毒的发病人群职业主要为家政、家务及待业,淋病以工人为最多。结论黄浦区淋病发病趋势有所遏制,但需加强对艾滋病、梅毒的防控工作。人群意识和行为方式改变对疾病发病造成影响。今后应特别关注青壮年男性、家务及待业者、流动人口等重点人群的发病动态。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of AIDS, gonorrhea and syphilis epidemics in Huangpu District of Shanghai from 1990 to 2013 and evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and treatment. Methods The characteristics and trends of STD epidemics in the past years were analyzed by using ecological methods. Results From 1990 to 2013, the incidence of gonorrhea increased first and then decreased. However, the syphilis increased year by year since 1994. The incidence of latent syphilis was the highest in each period. The incidence of AIDS was annual since 2006. The incidence of 3 sexually transmitted diseases is more concentrated in young males 25 to 39 years old. The incidence of AIDS and syphilis is mainly for domestic workers, domestic workers and unemployed persons, and the number of gonorrhea workers is the largest. Conclusion The incidence of gonorrhea in Huangpu District has been checked, but prevention and control of AIDS and syphilis needs to be strengthened. Crowd awareness and behavior changes have an impact on the disease. In the future, special attention should be paid to the incidence of young men, housework and unemployed persons, floating population and other key populations.