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中国商业对外开放始于1992年。当年7月,国务院作出《关于在商业零售领域利用外资问题的批复》,允许外商在北京、上海、广州、天津、大连和青岛6个城市及5大经济特区投资零售业。根据规定,每个城市可试办一两家,但必须以合资或合作方式进行,股份比例中方必须控股51%以上,企业不得经营批发业务,其进口商品比例也不得超过30%。当时要求,外商必须向国
China’s commercial opening to the outside world began in 1992. In July of that year, the State Council approved the “Issue of Using Foreign Capital in Commercial Retailing,” allowing foreign investors to invest in retail in six cities including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Tianjin, Dalian and Qingdao and five special economic zones. According to the regulations, one or two cities may be piloted, but they must conduct joint ventures or cooperation. The proportion of shares in China must be controlled by more than 51%. Enterprises may not engage in wholesale business and their proportion of imported goods may not exceed 30%. At that time, foreign investors had to go to the country