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明蒙双方迫切的物质交换需求促使官方贸易通道畅开,互市贸易市场沿明长城而设,是开放性与封闭性的矛盾统一。根据过往研究发现:互市贸易市场的空间分布及选址特征,表征了矛盾双方在贸易过程中的作用和地位,且此方面研究尚需进一步深入。根据历史地理学理论,结合文献资料法、地图法、分类比较法等,按军镇联防及地理位置关系划分区域,探析互市贸易市场空间布局及选址的原则和影响因素,指出其布局不但受所处地理位置及环境影响,更与所在军镇的军事聚落分布、长城边墙走向、军事体系构成等有密切关系。
The urgent demand for material exchange between the two sides hindered the smooth opening of the official trade channel. The market for mutual trade, set along the Great Wall, is a unity of openness and closedness. According to the previous research, it is found that the spatial distribution and location characteristics of the inter-city trade market characterize the roles and status of the two parties in the trade process, and further research is needed in this respect. According to the historical geography theory, combined with the literature review, the map law and the classification comparison law, the area is divided according to the defense of the towns and the geographical location, and the principles and influencing factors of the spatial layout and site selection of the inter-city trade market are pointed out. Its geographic location and environmental impact are more closely related to the distribution of military settlements in the military and military areas in which it is located, the direction of the Great Wall along the wall and the composition of the military system.