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1.1黑龙江省奶业概况2012年黑龙江省奶牛存栏269.6万头,生鲜乳产量857万t,分别占全国的18.05%和22.9%。黑龙江省两大平原地区(松嫩平原、三江平原)奶牛存栏为263.6万头,生鲜乳产量为843万t,分别占全省比重的97.66%和98.41%。哈尔滨、齐齐哈尔、大庆和绥化四个奶业重点市存栏合计208.2万头,生鲜乳产量为658万t,分别占全省比重的77.0%和76.7%[7]。1.2 2002—2012年黑龙江省奶业变化情况2002—2012年,黑龙江省奶牛存栏、牛奶产量、奶牛平均单产年均增长率分别为11.23%、13.57%、2.70%[7],见表4-1,图4-1。
1.1 Dairy Industry in Heilongjiang Province In 2012, the number of dairy cows in Heilongjiang Province was 2.696 million, with 8.57 million tons of raw milk output accounting for 18.05% and 22.9% of the national total respectively. The total population of dairy cattle in the two major plains (Songnen Plain and Sanjiang Plain) in Heilongjiang Province was 2.636 million, with 8.43 million tons of fresh milk production, accounting for 97.66% and 98.41% of the province’s total respectively. Harbin, Qiqihar, Daqing and Suihua four dairy key cities total of 2.82 million, total production of fresh milk 6.58 million tons, accounting for 77.0% and 76.7% of the proportion of the province [7]. 1.2 Changes of Dairy Industry in Heilongjiang Province from 2002 to 2012 Between 2002 and 2012, the average annual growth rate of dairy cows, milk yield and average yield of cows in Heilongjiang Province were 11.23%, 13.57% and 2.70% [7] respectively, as shown in Table 4-1 ,Pic 4-1.