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一、地理标志的概念地理标志含义。地理标志英译为GeographicalIndications。在国际上,地理标志较早时称为原产地名称,1958年10月31日制定的《保护原产地名称及其国际注册里斯本协定》(以下简称《里斯本协定》)作出了规定。该协定第2条第12页规定:“原产地名称系指一个国家、地区或地方的地理名称,用于指示一项产品来源于该地,其质量或特征完全或主要取决于地理环境,包括自然和人为因素。”此后,《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》(以下简称TRIPS)明确适用了地理标志概念。TRIPS第3节中第22条第1款规定,“地理标志是指其标示出某商品来源于该地域中的某地区或某地方,该商品的特定质量、信誉或其他特征,主要与该地理来源相关联。”《里斯本协定》关于原产地名称的定义与TRIPS对地理标志的定义基本是一致的,均强调产品的质量和特征与特定地域的自然或人文因素有关联。
First, the concept of geographical indications Geographical indications. Geographical Indications Translate into Geographical Indications. Internationally, the geographical indication was earlier referred to as the appellation of origin, and the Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and its International Registration (hereinafter referred to as the “Lisbon Agreement”) was enacted on October 31, 1958. Article 2, page 12, of the Agreement states: “The appellation of origin means the geographical name of a country, region or place used to indicate that a product originates from that place, the quality or characteristics of which are entirely or largely dependent on the geographical setting, Including natural and human factors. ”“ Since then, the TRIPS Agreement (TRIPS) has explicitly applied the concept of geographical indication. Article 22, paragraph 1, of TRIPS Section 3 states that ”a geographical indication is a reference to a geographical indication that indicates the particular quality, creditworthiness, or other characteristics of a good derived from a region or place in the territory, Geographical Sources. “” The Lisbon Agreement’s definition of appellations of origin is basically the same as the TRIPS definition of geographical indications, emphasizing the relevance of the quality and characteristics of products to the natural or human factors of a particular geographical area.