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以桃(Prunus persica)、山桃(Prunus davidiana)、杏(Prunus armeniaca)、李(Prunus salicina)和樱桃(Prunus avium)等5种核果类果树种仁为试材,采用索氏提取法对5种种仁的脂肪进行提取,采用气相色谱法检测主要脂肪酸种类,对比分析了5种种仁的性质及脂肪酸组成。结果表明:5种果实种仁含油量分别为桃仁43.5%、山桃仁43.4%、杏仁43.0%、李仁37.6%、樱桃仁30.7%;各种仁油脂肪酸的主要组成分别为棕榈酸(palmitic acid,C16:0)、棕榈油酸(palmitoleic acid,C16:1)、硬脂酸(stearic acid,C18:0)、油酸(oleic acid,C18:1)和亚油酸(linoleic acid,C18:2),其中油酸占总脂肪酸的比例最高。说明这5种核果类果树种仁中均富集油酸,为高油酸植物,可以开发为高油酸型木本油料。
Prunus persica, Prunus davidiana, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus salicina and Prunus avium were used as test materials. Five species The fat of kernel was extracted, the main fatty acids were detected by gas chromatography, and the properties and fatty acid compositions of five kernels were analyzed. The results showed that the oil content of five kinds of fruit kernels were 43.5% of peach kernel, 43.4% of peach kernel, 43.0% of almond, 37.6% of Li Ren and 30.7% of cherry kernel respectively. The main components of fatty acids in all kinds of kernel oil were palmitic acid , C16: 0, palmitoleic acid C16: 1, stearic acid C18: 0, oleic acid C18: 1 and linoleic acid C18: 2), of which oleic acid accounted for the highest proportion of total fatty acids. This shows that the five species of drupes are rich in oleanolic acid, high oleic acid plant, can be developed as high oleic woody oil.