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目的探讨引起产后出血的相关因素及预防和治疗措施。方法选择1986年1月-2005年12月在河南省新安县3个县级医院和13个乡镇卫生院及家庭分娩而产后死亡的孕妇为研究对象,调查引起产后出血的相关因素。结果20年间,孕产妇死亡率为35.8/10万,产后出血死亡率20.8/10万。宫缩乏力和胎盘滞留是引起产后出血的主要原因,且大多数为乡镇卫生院、居住偏僻农村、文化程度低、经产妇及多次妊娠。结论预防产后出血的关键是,加强孕期保健,提倡住院分娩,提高接生人员的技术水平。
Objective To explore the related factors of postpartum hemorrhage and the preventive and therapeutic measures. Methods From January 1986 to December 2005, three county-level hospitals and 13 township hospitals in Xin’an County, Henan Province, and pregnant women who died after childbirth after delivery were surveyed to investigate the related factors causing postpartum hemorrhage. Results In 20 years, the maternal mortality rate was 35.8 / 100 000 and the postpartum hemorrhage mortality rate was 20.8 / 100 000. Uterine atony and placental retention is the main cause of postpartum hemorrhage, and most of the township hospitals, living in remote rural areas, with a low level of education, the maternal and multiple pregnancies. Conclusion The key to prevent postpartum hemorrhage is to strengthen the health care during pregnancy, promote hospital delivery and improve the technical level of the delivery staff.