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为模拟深部岩体在高地应力条件下的非线性变形破坏特征,研制出一种高地应力真三维加载地质力学模型试验系统,该系统主要由高压加载系统、智能液压控制系统和反力装置系统组成。高压加载系统用于给试验模型施加三维高地应力荷载,主要包括加载板和大吨位液压千斤顶。为解决相邻加载板因三维加载引起模型体压缩而出现的相互妨碍,即“打架”现象,在试验模型体外设置了中空的正方体导向框。通过前后加载板上设置的导洞盘保证了模型洞室在轴向地应力状态下进行开挖,解决了地下洞室试验模型轴向加载开挖的难题。智能液压控制系统用于试验模型的自动加载与稳压,主要包括试验控制台和智能控制传感器。反力装置系统用于给试验模型提供加载反力,主要包括模型反力架、法兰盘和反力传递板。通过工程应用,有效模拟出深部巷道围岩分区破裂–的非线性变形破坏现象。
In order to simulate the nonlinear deformation and failure characteristics of deep rock mass under high ground stress, a high three-dimensional geomechanical model test system of high stress was developed. The system consists of high-pressure loading system, intelligent hydraulic control system and reaction force system . The high-pressure loading system is used to impose three-dimensional high stress on the test model, mainly including the loading plate and large tonnage hydraulic jacks. In order to solve the problem that the adjacent loading plate interferes with the compression of the model body caused by the three-dimensional loading, that is, the “fight” phenomenon, a hollow cube guide frame is set up outside the experimental model. The guide hole plate provided on the front and back loading plates ensures the excavation of the model cavity under axial stress and solves the problem of axial loading and excavation of the underground cavity test model. The intelligent hydraulic control system is used to automatically load and regulate the test model, mainly including the test console and the intelligent control sensor. The reaction force device system is used to provide the reaction force for the test model, which mainly includes the model reaction frame, the flange plate and the reaction force transmission plate. Through engineering application, the nonlinear deformation and failure phenomena of the surrounding rock mass in deep tunnel are simulated effectively.