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以厚皮甜瓜“一品天下208”为试材,采用根系分区交替滴灌和沟施肥的水肥耦合方式,研究了灌水上限及施肥量对甜瓜生长、产量及品质的影响。结果表明:提高灌水上限可以显著促进甜瓜植株生长及根系活力、增加果肉厚度,而对果实营养物质的含量及产量先提高后降低;同一灌水上限,双侧施肥或多施肥更有利于甜瓜植株生长及根系活力、果肉厚度、果实营养物质含量及产量的增大;根系两侧交替水肥耦合比始终单侧水肥耦合更有利于植株生长及根系活力、果肉厚度、果实营养物质含量及产量的增大。但并非水分越多越利于叶面积、根系活力及产量的增大,其应该有一个最佳灌水上限;水分亏缺且低肥情况下,始终单侧水肥耦合与交替水肥耦合对叶面积、根系活力及产量的影响差异性不显著;充足的水分可以减小低肥与高肥对叶面积影响的差异性。T5(灌水上限85%,交替灌溉,施氮120kg/hm2、施P2O5150kg/hm2、施K2O180kg/hm2,双侧施肥)的水肥耦合方案最为高效、优质。
The effects of the upper irrigation limit and fertilizer on the growth, yield and quality of muskmelon were studied by using the watermelt coupling mode of drip irrigation with furrow irrigation and furrow fertilization. The results showed that: raising the upper limit of irrigation can significantly promote the plant growth and root activity of muskmelon, increase the thickness of pulp, while the content and yield of fruit nutrients increased first and then decreased; the same irrigation upper limit, bilateral fertilization or more fertilization more conducive to melon plant growth And root activity, flesh thickness, fruit nutrient content and yield increased; water and fertilizer coupling ratio was more conducive to plant growth and root activity, pulp thickness, fruit nutrient content and yield increased . However, not the more water is more conducive to the leaf area, root activity and yield increase, it should have an optimum irrigation limit; water deficit and low fat circumstances, always unilateral water and fertilizer coupling and alternating water and fertilizer on the leaf area, root system The difference of vitality and yield was not significant. The adequate water could reduce the difference of leaf area affected by low and high fertility. T5 (85% upper irrigation limit, alternating irrigation, nitrogen application 120kg / hm2, application of P2O5150kg / hm2, application of K2O180kg / hm2, bilateral fertilization) the most efficient water and fertilizer coupling program.