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由于很多癌症病人的死亡率与霉菌感染密切相关,因此有必要弄清其易感病因。这些不同的病因可归纳为两个方面:免疫缺陷和机械损伤,与霉菌感染有关的免疫缺陷包括粒细胞减少症(绝对粒细胞计数<1000/μL)和T细胞功能低下或细胞介导的免疲功能低下,与霉菌感染有关的机械损伤包括:皮肤屏障作用的破坏,如泌尿、动静脉系统的导管插入;服用细胞毒化学药物所引起的胃肠道和呼吸道粘膜炎症;污染的静脉输液液体和血液制品以及医院设施在拆迁、改造过程中的外界环境因素。熟悉这些病因有助于对癌症病人霉菌感染的预防、早期诊断和治疗,从而降低癌症病人因霉菌感染所致的病死率。
Since many cancer patients are closely linked to mold infections, it is necessary to understand the causes of their susceptibility. These different causes can be summarized in two aspects: immunodeficiency and mechanical injury, immunodeficiency associated with mold infections including neutropenia (absolute granulocyte count <1000 / μL) and T-cell dysfunction or cell-mediated immunity Fatigue, mechanical damage associated with fungal infections include: the destruction of the skin barrier function, such as catheterization of the urinary and arteriovenous systems; gastrointestinal and respiratory mucosal inflammation caused by taking cytotoxic drugs; contaminated intravenous fluids And blood products and hospital facilities in the demolition, transformation process of the external environmental factors. Familiarity with these causes contributes to the prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of fungal infections in cancer patients, thereby reducing the mortality of cancer patients due to fungal infections.