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以贵州省毕节市纳雍县姑菁村周边的野生茶树为研究对象,对其叶、花及果等34个表型性状进行统计分析,结果表明:21个描述型性状中有10个仅表现为1种表型,具有相对稳定的植物学性状,其他11个表现出不同程度的遗传分化。在数值型性状方面,变异系数在3.74%~21.86%之间,平均为15.10%;多样性指数在0.15~2.02之间,平均为1.62;基于数值型性状的聚类分析可把样本聚为3类,其中第Ⅱ、Ⅲ类均仅有3个样本,说明在后续进行农艺性状和品质性状鉴定以及对该资源保护与利用时应对该类的样株加以区分和重点关注;在环境影响方面,叶器官与果器官受到不同程度的海拔因素影响,表现出极显著相关以及分海拔区段间的差异性。姑菁野生茶树资源表型多样性丰富,后代遗传变异水平较高,具有较高的育种潜力。
A total of 34 phenotypic traits, including leaves, flowers and fruit, were collected from the wild tea trees around Goujing Village, Nayong County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province. The results showed that 10 out of 21 descriptive traits showed only As a phenotype, with a relatively stable botanical traits, the other 11 showed varying degrees of genetic differentiation. In numerical traits, the coefficient of variation ranged from 3.74% to 21.86% with an average of 15.10%. The diversity index ranged from 0.15 to 2.02 with an average of 1.62. Cluster analysis based on numerical trait clustered the samples into 3 , Of which only two samples in category II and III only showed that they should be distinguished and focused on the subsequent identification of agronomic traits and quality traits and the protection and utilization of the resources. In terms of environmental impact, Leaf organs and organs affected by different degrees of elevation factors, showing a very significant correlation and sub-elevation differences between the sections. Ginkgo wild tea tree resources rich in phenotypic diversity, high levels of genetic variation of offspring, with high breeding potential.