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目的 了解北京小儿川崎病的发病率及流行病学特点 ,并与其他地区比较。方法 按照日本全国小儿川崎病调查方法 ,向北京及其郊区所有拥有儿科住院病床的医院发出调查问卷和川崎病的诊断标准 ,回顾性记录自 1995年 1月至 1999年 12月期间诊断为川崎病的所有患儿。参加调查人员均为小儿心血管医生或是高年资儿科医生 ,由 2名高年资儿科医生监督确保调查严格按照研究方案进行。心血管并发症是指川崎病起病 1个月内发生的经超声心动图或冠脉造影证实的心脏扩大 ,冠状动脉扩张、狭窄或阻塞 ,心肌梗塞 ,或心脏瓣膜损害。结果 北京 39家有儿科住院病床的医院中 ,37家 (95 % )参加调查 ,共计报告 710例患儿 ,1995～ 1999年北京 5岁以下小儿川崎病年发病率分别为 18 2 / 10万、2 1 1/ 10万、18 6 / 10万、30 6 / 10万和 2 7 8/ 10万。男女发病比例为 1 7∶1,发病年龄从 1月至 13 4岁 (平均 2 3岁 ) ,其中 5岁以下占 85 2 %。本病在春、夏两季发病较多 ,秋冬较少。淋巴结肿大是最少见的临床症状 ,且其发生率自 1995至 1999年逐年降低。 2 1 5 %的患儿发生心血管并发症 ,见于起病后 10或 10d以上才确诊的患儿 ,患儿急性期无死亡。结论 北京地区川崎病的发病率低于日本 ,而与美国的发病率相当 ,但高于其他西方?
Objective To understand the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of childhood Kawasaki disease in Beijing and to compare with other regions. Methods According to the survey method of pediatric Kawasaki disease in Japan, the diagnostic criteria of the questionnaire and Kawasaki disease were sent to all hospitals with pediatric inpatient beds in Beijing and its suburbs. The diagnosis of Kawasaki disease was retrospectively recorded from January 1995 to December 1999 All children. The investigators were all pediatric cardiologists or senior pediatricians, supervised by two senior pediatricians to ensure that the investigation was conducted in strict accordance with the research protocol. Cardiovascular complications are defined as enlargement of the heart, dilation of the coronary arteries, stenosis or obstruction, myocardial infarction, or heart valve damage as evidenced by echocardiography or coronary angiography occurring within 1 month of the onset of Kawasaki disease. Results Of the 39 hospitals with pediatric inpatient beds in Beijing, 37 (95%) participated in the survey and reported a total of 710 children. The incidence of Kawasaki in children under 5 years of age in Beijing from 1995 to 1999 was 18 2/10 million respectively, 2 1 1 / 100,000, 18 6/10 million, 30 6/10 million and 2 7 8/10 million. The incidence of males and females was 17: 1, and the age of onset was from January to 134 (mean, 23 years), of which 85.2% were under 5 years. The disease onset in the spring and summer more, less autumn and winter. Lymphadenopathy is the most common clinical symptom, and its incidence has decreased year by year from 1995 to 1999. 21 15% of children with cardiovascular complications, found in 10 or 10d after onset before diagnosis of children, children with acute death without. Conclusions The incidence of Kawasaki disease in Beijing is lower than that in Japan, but similar to that in the United States, but higher than other western countries.