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一、概述地下工程由于长期受水的渗透作用,渗透压随埋深而增大。增强地下建筑物的密封性能,使之免受地下水有害物的侵蚀,将有助于提高建筑物的耐久性和保持其功能。地下工程的防水应采取“综合处理,多种措施”的原则。综合处理就是要从勘察、结构设计、施工等多方面采取有效措施防止地下水的有害作用;多种措施,是指不仅把防水层的层数,而且要把结构自身防水、结构变形缝和施工缝、防水层保护和回填土等都按防水的防线对待,认真做好。地下工程防水,应该是防、堵、排结合,防为基础。对地下水比较高的地下工程无法自流排水时,应有可靠的防水措施,而不能单纯依赖机械排水。但重要的工程,也不能没有机械排水措施,以便工程在某些特
I. Overview Underground engineering has long been affected by water and the osmotic pressure increases with the depth of burial. Enhancing the sealing performance of underground structures and protecting them from the harmful effects of groundwater will help improve the durability of the building and maintain its function. Waterproofing of underground works should adopt the principle of “integrated treatment, multiple measures”. The comprehensive treatment is to take effective measures to prevent the harmful effects of groundwater from many aspects such as survey, structural design, and construction; multiple measures mean not only the number of layers of the waterproof layer, but also the structure itself waterproof, structural deformation joints and construction joints. Waterproof layer protection and backfill soil are treated in accordance with the waterproof line of defense and do a good job. Underground engineering waterproofing should be combined with prevention, blocking, and platooning. When the underground works with high groundwater cannot drain by gravity, reliable waterproof measures should be taken, and mechanical drainage alone cannot be relied upon. However, important projects can not be without mechanical drainage measures, so that the