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研究了长期施用化肥和猪粪(PM)、稻草(RS)对双季稻集约化种植下30年期间(1981—2010年)土壤有机碳(SOC)及其组分的影响.结果表明:化肥平衡施用处理(NPK)的SOC、颗粒有机C(POC)和KMnO4氧化C(KMnO4-C)组分高于化肥非平衡施用处理(NP和NK);猪粪、稻草与化肥(NK+PM、NP+RS和NPK+RS)长期配合施用处理的SOC、POC和KM-nO4-C组分显著增加.连续种植30年60季水稻后,猪粪与NK配施处理0～45cm土层的SOC(84.71tC·hm-2)、POC(8.94tC·hm-2)和KMnO4-C(21.09tC·hm-2)数量最高,其次是NPK+RS处理;NK+PM处理(485kgC·hm-2·a-1)的固C量最高,其次是NPK+RS处理(375kgC·hm-2·a-1).化肥与猪粪、稻草配施处理SOC的固C效率(CSE)明显高于单施化肥处理;施肥处理POC的固C效率(0.4%～1.2%)低于KMnO4-C(3.0%～8.3%).采用腐殖化常数值(h)和Jenkinson方程的衰减常数(k)可以预测不同处理2010年的SOC储量,通过Jen-kinson方程可以计算维持1981年的SOC储量水平所需要的C投入量(AE).双季稻种植下,长期连续施用NK+PM、NP+RS和NPK+RS处理的SOC含量增加是由于年C输入量高于AE所致.在南方亚热带双季稻种植区,化肥与猪粪、稻草长期配施将促进水稻土有机碳的固定.
The effects of long-term application of chemical fertilizers and pig manure (PM) and straw (RS) on soil organic carbon (SOC) and its components in double-cropping rice under intensive cultivation for 30 years (1981-2010) were studied.The results showed that: The contents of SOC, POC and KMnO4-C in balanced application treatment (NPK) were higher than those in non-balanced treatment (NP and NK). Pig manure, straw and chemical fertilizer (NK + PM, NP + RS and NPK + RS). The SOC, POC and KM-nO4-C components increased significantly with the continuous application of 60 pigs for 30 years. (84.71tC · hm-2), POC (8.94tC · hm-2) and KMnO4-C (21.09tC · hm-2), followed by NPK + RS treatment. · The solid-C content of a-1) was highest, followed by NPK + RS treatment (375kgC · hm-2 · a-1) (0% ~ 8.3%). The decay constant (k) of the humification parameter (h) and Jenkinson equation Predict SOC reserves for different treatments in 2010 and calculate the level of SOC reserves needed to sustain 1981 through the Jen-kinson equation (AE). The increase of SOC content in long-term continuous application of NK + PM, NP + RS and NPK + RS under double cropping rice was attributed to the higher annual input of C than that of AE. In the southern subtropical double The planting area of paddy rice, chemical fertilizers and pig manure and long-term straw application will promote the fixation of organic carbon in paddy soil.