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以山西省公路绿化工程为对象,对现有公路绿化带结构类型及生态效益进行调查。按照不同的绿化带结构类型选择典型路段设置调查样带,在样带内设置梯度采样点和观测点,以树种组成、密度、郁闭度、疏透度、LAI等关键性林带特征因子对各生态效应的影响为依据,建立公路绿化带生态效应模型,分析公路绿化植被对SO2和NO2的净化效应、滞尘效应、降噪效应、降温效应。通过生物量计算绿化植被碳储量,分析山西省公路绿化植被的固碳释氧效应,并采用生态经济学中替代市场法,对山西省公路绿化植被的主要生态服务功能进行相应的货币化计量。结果表明:至2011年,山西省公路绿化工程建设的有效绿化面积为29194.29 hm2,碳储量总计887343.6 t,山西省主要公路绿化植被对SO2和NO2的年净化效益经济价值分别为54.3和48.7万元·a-1,公路绿化植被年滞尘效益为442.1万元·a-1,降噪效益为98.7万元·a-1,公路绿化植被的固碳效益为26271.3万元·a-1,释氧效益为7744.1万元·a-1,降温效益为21.4万元·a-1,总计山西省主要公路绿化植被生态效益经济价值为3.47亿元·a-1。
Taking the highway greening project in Shanxi Province as an example, the type and ecological benefits of the existing highway greenbelts were investigated. According to the different types of green belt structure, the typical transects were selected to set up the survey transect, and the gradient sampling points and observation points were set in the transect. The tree species composition, density, canopy density, permeability, LAI and other key factors Based on the influence of ecological effect, the ecological effect model of highway green belt was established. The purification effect of SO2 and NO2 on road greening vegetation was analyzed, and the dust removal effect, noise reduction effect and cooling effect were analyzed. Through calculating the carbon storage of greening vegetation by biomass, the carbon sequestration and oxygen release effects of highway greening vegetation in Shanxi Province were analyzed, and the alternative market method in eco-economics was adopted to measure the main ecological service functions of highway greening vegetation in Shanxi Province. The results show that the effective afforestation area of highway construction in Shanxi Province is 29194.29 hm2 and the total carbon storage is 887343.6 t by 2011. The annual economic benefits of annual purification of SO2 and NO2 by afforestation of main roads in Shanxi Province are 54.3 and 487 thousand yuan · A-1, the annual dust-holding benefit of road vegetation is 4.421 million yuan · a-1, the noise reduction benefit is 987,000 yuan · a-1, the carbon sequestration benefit of road greening vegetation is 26.271 million yuan · a-1 Oxygen benefit of 77.441 million yuan · a-1, cooling benefit of 214,000 yuan · a-1, a total of Shanxi Province main road afforestation ecological benefits of economic value of 347 million yuan · a-1.