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目的探讨新生儿发生高胆红素血症的相关原因,以提高防治水平。方法对70例新生儿高胆红素血症住院患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果70例新生儿高胆红素血症患儿中,相关发病因素为:窒息缺氧16例,早产儿14例,ABO溶血病10例,母乳性黄疸6例,分娩时应用大剂量催产素1例,母亲患糖尿病2例,败血症6例,足月低体重儿5例,头皮血肿4例,先天性胆道闭锁1例,红细胞增多症2例,新生儿肝炎3例。结论新生儿高胆红素血症病因多样,与溶血、窒息缺氧、感染、早产以及围生期各种病理因素和母乳喂养有关。早期发现,早期干预,杜绝胆红素脑病的发生是防治的最终目的。
Objective To explore the related causes of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in order to improve the prevention and treatment. Methods The clinical data of 70 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia hospitalized were retrospectively analyzed. Results 70 cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in children, the associated risk factors are: asphyxia and hypoxia in 16 cases, 14 cases of premature children, ABO hemolytic disease in 10 cases, 6 cases of breast milk jaundice, delivery of high doses of oxytocin 1, 2 maternal diabetes, 6 sepsis, 5 full-term low birth weight children, 4 scalp hematoma, 1 congenital biliary atresia, 2 polycythemia, 3 neonatal hepatitis. Conclusion There are many causes of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, which are related to hemolysis, apnea and hypoxia, infection, premature labor and various pathological factors of perinatal period and breastfeeding. Early detection, early intervention to prevent the occurrence of bilirubin encephalopathy is the ultimate goal of prevention and treatment.