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农林复合业是一种传统的种植方式,即农民从自身的利益出发,将树木与作物混种。根据孢粉分析,这种种植方式至少已有1300年的历史,而树木的驯化史则可能更久。农林复合业从农民的常识发展成为农业研究的前沿领域,则是近20来年的事情。这期间,它作为集农、林两业所长的一种持续发展的实践活动,被广泛地推广开来。将树木与作物混合种植或与畜牧业复合经营,目的在于提高作物的产量,保持土壤,增进养分的循环,同时提供燃料、饲料、水果和木材。人们对农林复合业潜力的认识,最初大都基于描述性的资料或传闻,而且多是在生产潜力较高的地区取得的。以往针对农林复合业的应用研究十分活跃,但有关其自然和社会经济过程的基础性研究工作却很少。 农林复合业目前还不成其为科学,其理论基础仍需以周密而严谨的治学态度加以发展。现在它还只能说是涉及到生态学、经济学、人类学、农学、林学、土壤学、动物学、树木遗传学、生物统计学及其它应用学科的一个研究领域,经过这个大熔炉的反复锤炼,它才能成为一门人们公认的科学。由于涉及到的交叉领域如此之广,未来的复合农林学极可能是一门十分诱人的学科。 目前,世界上许多研究机构正在对农林复合业的基本问题进行着深入的探讨。我们归纳了农林复合系统区别于农业或林业系统
Agroforestry is a traditional farming method in which farmers start from their own interests and mix trees and crops. According to pollen analysis, this planting pattern has been at least 1300 years old, while the domestication history of trees may be longer. The development of agroforestry industry from the common sense of peasants to the forefront of agricultural research is a matter of nearly 20 years. During this period, it was widely promoted as a kind of sustainable development practice of agriculture and forestry leaders. Planting trees or crops in combination with livestock husbandry is designed to increase crop yields, preserve soil and promote nutrient recycling while providing fuel, feed, fruit and timber. Most people’s understanding of the potential of agroforestry industry, initially based on descriptive information or rumors, but mostly in areas with high production potential. Previous research on the application of agroforestry has been very active, but few studies have been conducted on its natural and socio-economic processes. The agroforestry industry is not yet a science at present, and its theoretical basis still needs to be developed with a careful and rigorous scholarship. Now it can only be said that it involves a field of research in ecology, economics, anthropology, agronomy, forestry, soil science, zoology, archeology, biostatistics and other applied disciplines. After this meltdown iteration Tempering, it can become a recognized science. Given the wide range of cross-cutting issues involved, the future of agroforestry is likely to be a very attractive discipline. At present, many research institutes in the world are conducting in-depth discussions on the basic issues of the agroforestry industry. We conclude that agroforestry systems differ from those of agriculture or forestry systems