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目的:通过考察水蛭提取物的抗凝血生物活性,确定水蛭的最佳提取工艺,保证水蛭抗凝血活性成分获得最大保留。方法:选择浸泡时间、煎煮次数、煎煮时间、水与水蛭质量比为考察因素,按L9(34)正交设计因素水平表排列,考察水蛭提取物得率和提取物的凝血酶效价。结果:水蛭的最佳提取工艺为水蛭药材先用10倍量的水浸泡4h,加水煎煮3次,每次煎煮1.5h。结论:水蛭经水提、乙醇精制后凝血酶活性依然保留完好,得率与凝血酶效价呈正相关。此工艺对水蛭提取物的生产简便可行。
OBJECTIVE: To determine the optimal extraction process of leeches by examining the anticoagulant bioactivity of leeches extract, and to obtain the maximum retention of the anticoagulant active ingredients of leeches. Methods: The soaking time, decocting times, decocting time and mass ratio of water to leeches were chosen as the investigation factors. The orthogonal design factors of L9 (34) were used to evaluate the yield of leech extract and the thrombin potency of the extract . Results: The best extraction process for leeches leech herbs first with 10 times the amount of water soak 4h, add boiling water three times, each boiling 1.5h. Conclusion: The activity of thrombin in leeches after water extraction and ethanol refining remains intact, and the yield is positively correlated with the thrombin potency. This process is simple and feasible for the production of leech extract.