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目的探讨佳木斯市农村地区留守儿童与非留守儿童忽视现况,为改善农村儿童受忽视现况及预防干预工作提供理论依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,随机抽取佳木斯市农村3所小学的1 242名小学生为研究对象,其中男童580名、女童662名。采用“中国农村6~11岁小学生儿童忽视评价常模”中规定的量表进行问卷调查,运用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计学分析。结果两年龄段留守儿童的忽视率与全国持平,6~8岁组留守儿童的忽视度高于全国水平,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),非留守儿童的忽视率和忽视度均高于全国水平,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。6~8岁组留守和非留守儿童的忽视率和忽视度无性别差异(P>0.05),9~11岁组留守与非留守儿童男童的忽视率高于女童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。留守和非留守儿童均以受到单项忽视为主。结论佳木斯市农村地区留守与非留守儿童受到的忽视频度较高,强度较大。应加强相关知识的教育,提高社会各界对农村儿童的关注,为农村儿童提供适宜其身心发展的环境。
Objective To explore the status of neglect of left-behind children and non-left-behind children in rural areas of Jiamusi City and provide theoretical basis for improving the neglected status of rural children and prevention and intervention. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to randomly select 1 242 primary school students from 3 primary schools in rural Jiamusi, including 580 boys and 662 girls. Questionnaire was conducted using the scale prescribed in “Children’s Neglect of Assessment of Rural Primary School Children aged 6 ~ 11 in China”, and SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The neglect rate of left-behind children in two age groups was the same as that of the whole country. The neglect rate of left-behind children aged 6-8 years was higher than the national level (P <0.05), and the neglect rate and neglect rate of non-left-behind children were high At the national level, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The neglect rate and ignorance of left-behind children and non-left-behind children in 6-8 years old had no gender differences (P> 0.05). The neglect rate of left-behind children and non-left-behind children in 9 ~ 11 years old group was higher than that of girls P <0.05). Both left-behind and non-left-behind children are dominated by individual neglect. Conclusion Left-behind children and non-left-behind children in Jiamusi City are more frequently overlooked and more intense. We should step up education on relevant knowledge, raise public awareness of rural children in all walks of life and provide rural children with an environment suitable for their physical and mental development.