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淮安与上海,一为运河城市,一为沿海城市,其兴衰都与水路运输兴旺与否有密切关联。这两类城市,互相也有很大的关联。中国闭关自守的年代,作为运河城市的淮安、扬州便比较兴旺,上海相对处于边缘地带,远不能望淮、扬之项背。当海运兴旺、河运萎缩以后,上海就比较兴旺,淮安、扬州就比较衰落。运河城市、沿海城市,是存在一定消长关系的。淮安、上海都是交通要道型城市,不是靠自然资源兴起的城市,他们在社会结构上存在一定的同构性:城市人口中,与水上运输有关联的人口多;为流动人口、游民、商人服务的钱庄业、饮食、娱乐、烟赌娼行业发达;适应流动人口、游民、商人需要的同乡组织、帮会组织相对发达;城市人口与乡村人口相对疏离。
Huai’an and Shanghai, a canal city, a coastal city, its rise and fall and waterways are booming or not closely linked. These two types of cities are also very much associated with each other. Since the era of China’s self-defense, as the city of Huai’an canal, Yangzhou will be more prosperous, Shanghai is relatively marginalized, far can not hope Huai, Yang Xiang back. When sea shipping thrived and river wars shrunk, Shanghai was relatively prosperous, with Huaian and Yangzhou relatively declining. Canal cities, coastal cities, there is a certain relationship between the growth and decline. Huai’an and Shanghai are both traffic-oriented cities, not cities that rise by natural resources. Their social structure has certain isomorphism: Among the urban population, there are many people who are related to water transport; those who are migrants, migrants, Merchants serving the banking industry, catering, entertainment, tobacco and prostitution industry developed; to adapt to the needs of the floating population, tourists, traders organizations, gang organizations are relatively developed; urban population and rural population are relatively alienated.