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目的了解儿童青少年体型自我评价与BMI评价的一致性,并分析其与抑郁症状的关系,为儿童青少年肥胖及心理干预提供科学依据。方法以分层整群抽样的方法从银川市三区抽出小学、初中、高中学生共2 442名,对其进行问卷调查与体格检查。结果儿童青少年体型自我评价与BMI评价一致性一般,Kappa=0.43,男、女生体型自我评价与BMI评价一致性Kappa值分别为0.48和0.36(P值均<0.05)。9岁组儿童体型低估率为19.4%,16岁组体型高估率为16.3%;男、女生体型高估率分别为4.6%和12.4%,低估率分别为14.3%和6.7%,差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为47.59,40.56,P值均<0.05)。抑郁症状检出率为14.1%,自我评价肥胖组抑郁检出率为24.4%,且肥胖组>超重组>正常组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.529,P<0.05);体型高估组抑郁检出率为19.2%,低估组为13.1%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.05,P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,不正确的体型自我评价与高估为抑郁症状发生的危险因素(OR值分别为2.679,1.504)。结论儿童青少年体型自我评价与BMI评价的一致性较差,体型高估为抑郁症状的危险因素。应在儿童青少年中进行相关干预,帮助他们正确认识自己体型,确立良好的生活方式。
Objective To understand the consistency of self-assessment of body size and BMI in children and adolescents and to analyze their relationship with depressive symptoms so as to provide a scientific basis for obesity and psychological intervention in children and adolescents. Methods A total of 2 442 primary, middle and high school students were withdrawn from the three districts of Yinchuan City by means of stratified cluster sampling. Questionnaires and physical examinations were conducted. Results The consistency of body shape self-evaluation and BMI was normal in children and adolescents. Kappa = 0.43. The Kappa values of body shape self-evaluation and BMI consistency of male and female were 0.48 and 0.36 respectively (all P <0.05). The underestimation rate of body size of 19-year-old children was 19.4% and that of 16-year-old children was 16.3%. The over-estimation rates of boys and girls were 4.6% and 12.4% respectively, the underestimation rates were 14.3% and 6.7% Statistical significance (χ2 values were 47.59,40.56, P values were <0.05). The prevalence of depression was 14.1% in the obese group and 24.4% in the self-evaluated obesity group, and the difference was statistically significant in the obesity group> overweight group> normal group (χ2 = 7.529, P <0.05) The detection rate of depression was 19.2% in the underestimate group and 13.1% in the underestimate group (χ2 = 6.05, P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that incorrect body self-assessment and over-estimation were risk factors for depressive symptoms (OR = 2.679,1.504, respectively). Conclusions Children and adolescents’ body shape self-evaluation is inconsistent with BMI evaluation. Obese body height is the risk factor of depressive symptoms. Relevant interventions should be conducted among children and adolescents to help them correctly understand their body shape and establish a good lifestyle.