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约翰·沃尔夫冈·歌德(1749—1832)的《浮士德》(1808,1832)是德语文学中最伟大的作品之一。诗剧以德国民间传说为题材,但是歌德对自己笔下的浮士德添加了人文主义的特点,把他写成一个冲破中世纪黑暗奔向光明的新时代人物。浮士德为了认识生活的意义,不惜和魔鬼靡非斯特订立合同,魔鬼答应使他尝尽人生的欢乐与享受,浮士德历尽种种考验和煎熬,尝到了失意和得意的滋味,懂得了爱情,从事过艺术创造,在国家政治生活中试过身手,最后取得了内心的和谐。《浮士德》告诉我们:人类所能达到的最高成就,恰恰在于一种自强不息的创造性的生活本身,一种不断进步的道路或过程本身。一个人只要追求一个高尚的目标,并在追求过程中又把每个实际步骤当作目标加以追求,他就值得享受并一定能够获得最广义的报偿。这里介绍的是20世纪上半叶的英国画家哈利·克拉克为《浮士德》作的一组哥特风格的插画。他师承比亚兹莱,笔法纤巧华丽,可以看出他有意突出原作神秘、怪诞、恐怖、悲伤的一面。
Faust (1808, 1832) by Johann Wolfgang Goethe (1749-1832) is one of the greatest works of German literature. Poetry plays are based on the German folklore, but Goethe adds a humanistic character to Faust in his own works, and writes him as a new era character that breaks through the darkness of the Middle Ages toward light. In order to understand the meaning of life, Faust did not hesitate to conclude a contract with the devil, who promised him to try his best to enjoy life. Faust experienced all his trials and torment, and he tasted the taste of disappointment and satisfaction. Love, engaged in art creation, tried their best in the country’s political life, and finally achieved inner harmony. “Faust” tells us that the highest attainable accomplishments of human beings are precisely the self-sustaining creative life itself, a path of progress or the process itself. As long as a man pursues a noble goal and pursues each practical step as a goal in his pursuit, he deserves and will surely receive the most comprehensive reward. Here is a set of Gothic-inspired illustrations of Faust, the British painter Harry Clarke in the first half of the 20th century. His teacher Biazilei, writing delicacy, you can see that he intended to highlight the original mysterious, weird, horrible, sad side.