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在“三系”配套之前,作者根据水稻的进化史,对野败不育材料所测品种的恢、保情况作了分析,认识到亲缘关系、生态差异和雄性不育的恢与保,存在着对立统一的辩证关系,从不育系的产生联想到恢复系的选育。后来从不同质源三系配套的明显差异,认为恢与保是相对的,恢复品种不局限于某一地区,其恢复基因也并不固定于某些品种中。实验证明,凡选用亲缘关系远、生态差异大的品种杂交,就容易找到保持系;反之,则容易测出恢复系。作者在1973年元月拟定的三系选育研究计划书中,曾提出要利用湖南的野败不育材料,与我国华南、台湾及东南亚热带地区的品种进行广泛测交筛选恢复系的方案,当年7月就发现了 IR24强恢复系,在我国首先实现籼型杂交水稻的“三系”配套,并较早地选出了威优、常优、南优、汕优、矮优一、二、三号等18个强优势组合。同时,提出了雄性不育遗传机理的初见,即“远缘(包括远距离)杂交、雄性不育的遗传,是决定于细胞质和细胞核的相互作用。如野生稻与栽培稻杂交,由于亲缘关系远,生态型差异大,质核不协调,其遗传信息就不能正常传递,从而破坏了花粉的正常发育,因此导致雄性不育;反之,育性则可恢复”。为了进一步证实,今后拟应用细胞遗传学、数量遗传学,生物化学、分子遗传学等方法,探索质核差异和互作的实质,以进一步了解雄性不育、杂种优势机理。
Before the “three lines” were matched, the author analyzed the recovery and protection status of the tested varieties of wild sterile material according to the evolutionary history of rice, and realized the relationship and ecological difference and the male sterile recovery and protection existed The dialectical relationship between the unity of opposites, from the birth of the association of sterile lines to restore the Department of breeding. Later, from the different sources of three-line supporting the obvious difference, that the restoration and protection is relative, the restoration of varieties is not limited to a certain area, the recovery of the gene is not fixed in some varieties. Experiments show that where the use of distant relatives, ecological differences in varieties of hybrids, it is easy to find the maintenance line; the other hand, it is easy to measure the restorer line. In January 1973, the author drafted a three-line breeding program, it was proposed to make use of Hunan’s wild sterile material to conduct a wide range of cross-selection and restore lines with China’s tropical regions of South China, Taiwan and Southeast Asia. In July of that year, the IR24 strong restorer line was discovered. In China, the “three lines” of the indica hybrid rice was first matched with the earlier selection of the three lines of Weiyou, Changyou, Nanyou, Shanyou, , No. 18 and other strong combination of 18. At the same time, the genetic mechanism of male sterility was proposed, that is, the inheritance of distant (including long distance) hybrid and male sterility depends on the interaction of cytoplasm and nucleus, such as the hybridization between wild rice and cultivated rice, The relationship is far, ecological differences, incompatible quality of the nucleus, the genetic information can not be transmitted normally, thus undermining the normal development of pollen, resulting in male sterility; Conversely, fertility can be restored. " In order to further confirm the future application of cytogenetics, quantitative genetics, biochemistry, molecular genetics and other methods to explore the nature of the difference between nuclear and interaction in order to further understand the male sterility and heterosis mechanism.