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关于“皖南事变”形成的原因，史学界已多有评述。但从项英与叶挺的关系方面来分析的还不多见。抗日战争爆发后，共同的历史使命使项英和叶挺走到了一起，担负起创建和领导新四军的光荣任务。他们本来可以取长补短，成为一对相得益彰的好搭档，但由于种种原因二人未能很好地协调处理相互之间的关系，不断产生新的矛盾，出现了叶挺的三次出走和项英向党中央的“三请辞职”，以至于发展到皖南事变中项英“不辞而别”、“临阵出走”。这在中国现代史上的确留下了值得回味思索的话题。
On the formation of the “Southern Anhui Incident” reasons, historians have more comments. However, it is rare to analyze the relationship between Xiang Ying and Ye Ting. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the common historical mission led Xiang Ying and Ye Ting to come together and shoulder the glorious task of creating and leading the New Fourth Army. However, due to various reasons, the two failed to coordinate and handle each other’s relations well and constantly created new contradictions. Three of Ye Ting’s exodus and the emergence of Xiang Ying to the party Central Committee Of the “three resignations”, that is, to the development of the incident in southern Anhui, Xiang Ying, “quit without saying goodbye”, “march out.” This indeed left a topic worth recalling in the modern history of China.