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从COD和氨氮的排放量判断,畜禽养殖业已经成为我国重要的水体环境污染源;但畜禽废弃物可再利用的资源经济属性,决定着其处理方式有别于工业污染源。文章首先界定畜禽养殖业生态补偿的内涵和提出这一问题的背景;其次,以烟台市畜禽养殖业实地调查为基础,按照政府手段和市场手段的逻辑,分析畜禽养殖业生态补偿的做法与挑战,具体是:(1)烟台市的政府手段为:畜禽养殖场生态拆迁的补偿和畜禽废弃物处理和资源化机制创新的补贴;(2)烟台市的市场手段通过大型养殖企业而实现,包括工艺之间的补偿、产品之间的补偿和车间(养殖场与处理厂)之间的补偿;最后,针对烟台案例,提出完善畜禽养殖业废弃物资源化的生态补偿的政策建议。
Judging from the emission of COD and ammonia nitrogen, the livestock and poultry breeding industry has become an important source of water environment pollution in our country. However, the resource economic characteristics of livestock and poultry waste reusable are different from industrial pollution sources. First of all, the article defines the connotation of animal husbandry ecological compensation and puts forward the background of this problem. Secondly, based on the field survey of livestock and poultry farming in Yantai, according to the logic of government means and market means, the paper analyzes the ecological compensation of livestock and poultry farming Practices and challenges, specifically: (1) government measures in Yantai City are: compensation for ecological relocation of livestock and poultry farms and subsidies for innovations in livestock waste disposal and resource mechanism innovation; and (2) marketing measures in Yantai City through large-scale aquaculture Enterprises, including compensation between processes, compensation between products and compensation between workshops (farms and treatment plants). Finally, according to the case of Yantai, it is proposed to improve the ecological compensation of livestock and poultry wastes recycling policy suggestion.